生物活性

• 描述Dichlorphenamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma. This drug has the same side-effects as acetazolamide, for which it is a useful substitute, except for a lesser tendency to cause dermatitis, renal calculi and metabolic acidosis. It may induce a more pronounced renal loss of potassium^[3]. In two trials in patients with hypokalaemic periodic paralysis, dichlorphenamide was associated with a significantly (eightfold) lower paralytic attack rate and fewer patients with acute intolerable worsening compared with placebo. Dichlorphenamide is a valuable treatment option for patients with primary hyperkalaemic or hypokalaemic periodic paralysis^[4]. Dichlorphenamide as well as Diamox lowers intraocular pressure. For adequate treatment of acute glaucoma only 20% of commonly used Diamoxdosis is requested to reach comparable pressure release two hours later. After one hour control intraocular pressure of 60% from patients with Dichlorphenamide treatment was found below 40 mm Hg since in Diamoxgroup there were only 30% below 40 mm Hg. Essential side effects after a single dosis of 200 mg Dichlorphenamide or in combination with Diamox for acute glaucoma treatment could not be observed^[5].
• 临床研究

• NCT号	适应症或疾病	临床期	招募状态	预计完成时间	地点
  NCT00494507	Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysi... more >>s Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis Collapse <<	Phase 3	Completed	-	United States, California ... more >> UCLA Neurology Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095 University of California-San Francisco San Francisco, California, United States, 94143 United States, Kansas University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas, United States, 66160 United States, Massachusetts Brigham & Women's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115 United States, Minnesota Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905 United States, Missouri Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110 United States, New York Columbia University Medical Center New York, New York, United States, 10032 University of Rochester Rochester, New York, United States, 14642 United States, Ohio Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210 United States, Texas University of Texas Southwestern-Dallas Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390 Italy University of Milan San Donato, Milan, Italy United Kingdom Institute of Neurology-Queen's Square London, United Kingdom Collapse <<
  NCT00004802	Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Period... more >>ic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis Paramyotonia Congenita Collapse <<	Phase 3	Completed	-	-
  NCT00494507	-	-	Completed	-	-

• 参考文献

• [1] Kaup M, Plange N, et al. Effects of brinzolamide on ocular haemodynamics in healthy volunteers. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004 Feb;88(2):257-62.

  [2] DeSantis L. Preclinical overview of brinzolamide. Surv Ophthalmol. 2000 Jan;44 Suppl 2:S119-29.

  [3] Kanski JJ. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and osmotic agents in glaucoma. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Br J Ophthalmol. 1968 Aug;52(8):642-3

  [4] Greig SL. Dichlorphenamide: A Review in Primary Periodic Paralyses. Drugs. 2016 Mar;76(4):501-7

  [5] leckmann H. Die Wirkung von Dichlorphenamid bei der Behandlung des akuten Glaukomanfalls [Dichlorphenamide treatment in acute glaucoma (author's transl)]. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol. 1976 Nov 18;201(1):69-77. German

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